Q M 3 0 5 4 0 F B A F I R E B A L L QUANTUM Native| Translation ------+-----+-----+----- Form 3.5"/SLIMLINE Cylinders 3835| | | Capacity form/unform 544/ MB Heads 2| | | Seek time / track 12.0/ 3.0 ms Sector/track | | | Controller IDE / ATA2 FAST/ENHA Precompensation Cache/Buffer 128 KB Landing Zone Data transfer rate 10.000 MB/S int Bytes/Sector 512 16.600 MB/S ext PIO4 Recording method PRML 16/17 operating | non-operating -------------+-------------- Supply voltage 5/12 V Temperature *C 55 | -40 75 Power: sleep 0.8 W Humidity % 5 85 | 5 95 standby 0.8 W Altitude km -0.226 3.048| -0.226 12.192 idle 3.5 W Shock g 10 | 70 seek 6.0 W Rotation RPM 5400 read/write 5.0 W Acoustic dBA 32 spin-up W ECC Bit 48,REED SOLOMON MTBF h 500000 Warranty Month 36 Lift/Lock/Park YES Certificates ********************************************************************** L A Y O U T ********************************************************************** QUANTUM FIREBALL 540/1080AT PRODUCT MANUAL 81-109318-02 8/1995 +-----------+---------------------------------------------+ | | JP1+-+-+-+ |XX ++ | +-+ +-+-+-+ |XX |+----------+-+ | SP DS CS |XX |+----------+-+ | |XX ++ | +-+ |XX AT-Bus | | |XX | | |XX J1C | | |XX | | |XX | | |XX | | |XX1 | | |xx J1B | | |XX Power | | |xx | | |XX Power +-----------+---------------------------------------------+xx J1A ********************************************************************** J U M P E R S ********************************************************************** QUANTUM FIREBALL 540/1080AT PRODUCT MANUAL 81-109318-02 8/1995 Jumper setting ============== JP1 Drive Select/Cable Select/Slave Present -------------------------------------------- +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ |CS |DS |SP | Pin 28| Description | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | X |Drive configured as a slave. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 0 | 0 | 1 | X |Drive configured as Slave. SP position used | | | | | |as jumper parking position. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 0 | 1 | 0 | X |Drive is configured as Master. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 0 | 1 | 1 | X |Drive is configured as Master. Non-CAM Slave | | | | | |present. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 1 | X | 0 | OPEN |Drive configured as a slave. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 1 | X | 0 | GND |Drive is configured as Master. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 1 | X | 1 | GND |Drive is configured as Master. Non-CAM Slave | | | | | |Present. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ NOTE In the table below, a 0 indicates that the jumper is removed, a 1 indicates that the jumper is installed, and an X indicates that the jumper setting does not matter. CS Cable Select Jumper ----------------------- When two Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drives are daisy-chained together, they can be configured as Master and Slave by using the CS jumper or by using the DS jumpers. To configure the drive as a Master or Slave with the CS feature, the CS jumper is installed. Once you install the CS jumper, the drive is configured as a Master or Slave by state of the Cable Select signal, which is pin 28 at the IDE-bus interface connector. Please note that pin 28 is a vendor- specific pin that Quantum is using for a specific purpose. More than one function is allocated to CS, according to the ATA CAM specifica- tion. If pin 28 is 0 (grounded), the drive is configured as a Master. If it is a 1 (high), the drive is configured as a Slave. In order to configure two drives in a Master/Slave realationship using the CS jumper, you need to use a cable that provides the proper signal level at pin 28 of the IDE bus connector. This allows two drives to operate in a Master/Slave realtionship according the drive cable placement. Drive Select Jumper ------------------- You can also daisy-chain two drives on the IDE bus interface by using their Drive Select (DS) jumpers. To use the DS feature, the CS jumper must be removed. To configure a drive as the Master (Drive 0), a jumper must be installed on the DS pins. The Quantum Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drives are shipped from the factory as a Master (Drive 0 - DS jumper installed). To configure a drive as a Slave (Drive 1), the DS jumper must be removed. In this configuration, the spare jumper removed from the DS position may be stored on the SP jumper pins. NOTE The order in which drives are connected in a daisy chain has no significance. Slave Present Jumper (SP) ------------------------- In combination with the current DS or CS jumper settings, the Slave Present (SP) jumper implements one of two possible configurations: - When the drive is configured as a Master (DS jumper installed or CS jumper installed and the Cable Select signal set to 0) the SP jumper indicates to the drive that a slave is present. The SP jumper should be installed on the Master drive only if the Slave drive does not use the Drive Active/Slave Present (DASP-) signal to indicate its presence. - When the drive is configured as a Slave (DS jumper not installed) the SP jumper position is used to store the DS jumper and will have no effect. If an error is encountered during the self-seek test, the test terminates. J1A/B/C DC Power/Interface Connector ------------------------------------- The drive's DC power can be applied to either section A or B. The IDE-bus interface (40-pin) uses section C. J1 AT (40-pin)/DC (4-Pin & 3-Pin) Combination Connector +----------------------------------------------------------------+ | 3-Pin 4-Pin | | 40-Pin AT (J1 Section C) DC Power DC Power| | +---------------------------------------+ J1 B J1 A | | |o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1| +-----+ +-------+ | | |o o o o o o o o o o . o o o o o o o o o| |o o o| |o o o o| | | ++-------------------+------------------+ +3-2-1+ +4-3-2-1+ | +----+-------------------+---------------------------------------+ | | Pin 40 Missing Pin Pin 20 J1 A Pin 1 +12 VDC 2 +12 VDC Return (Ground) 3 + 5 VDC Return (Ground) 4 + 5 VDC J1 B Pin 1 + 5 VDC 2 +12 VDC 3 Ground ********************************************************************** I N S T A L L ********************************************************************** QUANTUM FIREBALL 540/1080AT PRODUCT MANUAL 81-109318-02 8/1995 Notes On Installation ===================== Installation direction ---------------------- horizontally vertically +-----------------+ +--+ +--+ | | | +-----+ +-----+ | | | | | | | | | +-+-----------------+-+ | | | | | | +---------------------+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +---------------------+ | +-----+ +-----+ | +-+-----------------+-+ +--+ +--+ | | | | +-----------------+ Orientation ----------- The mounting holes on the Quantum Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drive allow the drive to be mounted in any orientation. For mounting, #6-32 UNC screws are recommended. Caution: The PCB is very close to the mounting holes. Do not exceed the specified length for the mounting screws. The specified screw length allows full use of the mounting-hole threads, while avoiding damaging or placing unwanted stress on the PCB. To avoid stripping the mounting-hole threads, the maximum torque applied to the mounting screws must not exceed 8 inch-pounds. A maximum screw length of 0.25 inches may be used on the side mounting locations when a bracket of 0.040 inches minimum thickness is included. IDE BUS ADAPTER --------------- There are two ways you can configure a system to allow the Quantum Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drive to communicate over the IDE bus of an IBM or IBM-compatible PC: 1. Connect the drive to a 40-pin IDE bus connector (if available) on the motherboard of the PC. 2. Install an IDE-compatible adapter board in the PC and connect the drive to the adapter board. 40-Pin IDE Bus Connector ------------------------ Many of the later design PC motherboards have a built-in 40-pin IDE bus connector that is compatible with the 40-pin IDE interface of the Quantum Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drive. If the motherboard has an IDE connector, simply connect a 40-pin ribbon cable between the drive and the motherboard. Adapter Board ------------- If your PC motherboard does not contain a built-in, 40-pin IDE bus interface connector, you must install an IDE bus adapter board and connecting cable to allow the drive to interface with the mother- board. Quantum does not supply such an adapter board, but they are available from several third-party vendors. Clearance --------- Clearance from the drive - except mounting surfaces - to any surface must be 0.05 inches (1.25 mm) minimum. Ventilation ----------- The Quantum Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drives operates without a cooling fan, provided the ambient air temperature does not exceed 131*F (55*C). DC Power (J1 A and B) ---------------------- The recommended mating connectors for the +5VDC and +12VDC input power are listed above. J1 A 4-Pin Connector: AMP P/N 1-480424-0 Loose piece contacts: AMP P/N VS 60619-4 Strip contacts: AMP P/N VS 61117-4 J1 B 3-Pin Connector: Molex P/N 5484 39-27-0032 Power can be supplied to either J1 section A or J1 section B. Labels indicates the pin numbers on the connectors. Power Sequencing ---------------- You may apply the power in any order or manner, or short or open either the power or power return line with no loss of data or damage to the disk drive. However, data may be lost in the sector being written at the time of power loss. The drive can withstand transient voltages of +10% to -100% from nominal while powering up or down. IDE-Bus Interface Connector (J1 C) ---------------------------------- On the Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drive, the IDE-bus interface cable connector (J1 section C) is a 40-pin Universal Header. To prevent the possibility of incorrect installation, has been keyed by removing Pin 20, which ensures that a connector cannot be installed upside down. For Systems with a Motherboard IDE Adapter ========================================== You can install the Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drive in an AT-compatible system that contains a 40-pin AT-bus connector on the motherboard. To connect the drive to the motherboard, use a 40-pin ribbon cable 18 inches in length or shorter. Ensure that pin 1 of the drive is connected to pin 1 of the motherboard connector. For Systems with an IDE Adapter Board ===================================== To install a Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drive in an AT-compatible system without a 40-pin, IDE bus connector on its motherboard, you need a third-party IDE-compatible adapter board. Adapter Board Installation -------------------------- Carefully read the manual that accompanies your adapter board before installing it. Make sure that all the jumpers are set properly and that there are no addressing or signal conflicts. You must also investigate to see if your AT-compatible system contains a combination floppy and hard disk controller board. If it does, you must disable the hard disk drive controller functions on the controller board before proceeding. Once you have disabled the hard disk drive controller functions on the floppy/hard drive controller, install the adapter board. Again, make sure that you have set all jumper straps on the adapter board to avoid addressing and signal conflicts. Connecting the Adapter Board and the Drive ------------------------------------------ Use a 40-pin ribbon cable to connect the drive to the board. 1. Insert the 40-pin cable connector into the mating connector on the adapter board. Make sure that pin 1 of the connector matches with pin 1 on the cable. 2. Insert the other end of the cable into the header on the drive. When inserting this end of the cable, make sure that pin 1 of the cable connects to pin 1 of the drive connector. 3. Secure the drive to the system chassis by using the mounting screws. Base Casting Assembly --------------------- A single-piece aluminium-alloy base casting provides a mounting sur- face for the drive mechanism and PCB. The base casting also acts as the flange for the DC motor assembly. To provide a contamination-free environment for the HDA, a gasket provides a seal between the base casting and the metal cover that enclose the drive mechanism. Air Filtration -------------- The Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drives are Winchester-type drives. The heads fly very close to the media surface. Therefore, it is essential that the air circulating within the drive be kept free of particles. Quantum assembles the drive in a Class-100, purified air environment, then seals the drive with a metal cover. When the drive is in use, the rotation of the disk forces the air inside of the drive through an internal filter. DC Motor Assembly ----------------- Integral with the base casting, the DC motor assembly is a fixed- shaft, brushless DC spindle motor that drives the counter-clockwise rotation of the disks. Electrical Characteristics -------------------------- All signals are transistor-transistor logic (TTL) compatible - with logic 1 greater than 2.0 volts and less than 5.25 volts; and logic 0 greater than 0.0 volts and less than 0.8 volts. Neither the adapter board, motherboard interface, or drives require terminating resistors. Drive Cable and Connector ------------------------- The hard disk drive connects to the host computer by means of a cable. This cable contains a 40-pin connector that plug into the drive, and a 40-pin connector that plugs into the host computer. At the host end, the cable plugs into either an adapter board residing in a host expansion slot or an on-board IDE adapter. If two drives are connected by a cable with two 40-pin drive connectors, the cable-select feature of the Fireball 540/1080AT automatically configure each as drive 0 or drive 1 depending on the configuration of pin 28 on the connector. ********************************************************************** F E A T U R E S ********************************************************************** QUANTUM FIREBALL 540/1080AT PRODUCT MANUAL 81-109318-02 8/1995 General Description ------------------- Quantum's Fireball 540/1080AT hard disk drives are a part of a family of high-performance, 1-inch-high hard disk drives manufactured to meet the highest product quality standards. These hard disk drives use nonremovable, 3 -inch hard disks, and are available with a Small Computer System Interface (SCSI-2, 3) or Advanced Technology (ATA) interface. The Fireball 540/1080 AT hard disk drives feature an embedded hard disk drive controller and use ATA commands to optimize systems performance. Because the drive manages media defects and error recovery internally, these operations are fully transparent to the user. System Startup and Operation ---------------------------- Once you have installed the Fireball 540/1080 AT hard disk drive and adapter board (if required) in the host system, you are ready to partition and format the drive for operation. To set up the drive correctly, follow these steps: 1. Power on the system 2. Run the SETUP program. This is generally on a Diagnostics or Utilities disk, or within the system's BIOS. 3. Enter the appropriate parameters. The SETUP program allows you to enter the types of optional hard- ware installed - such as the hard disk drive type, the floppy disk drive capacity, and the display adapter type. The system's BIOS uses this information to initialize the system when the power is switched on. For instructions on how to use the SETUP program, refer to the system manual for your PC. During the AT system CMOS setup, you must enter the drive type for the Fireball 540/1080 AT hard disk drive. The drive supports the translation of its physical drive geometry parameters such as cylinders, heads, and sectors per track, to a logical addressing mode. The drive can work with different BIOS drive-type tables of the various host systems. 4. Boot the system using the operating system installation disk. Formatted Capacity ------------------ At the factory, the Fireball 540/1080 AT receives a low-level format that creates the actual tracks and sectors on the drive. Data Transfer Rates ------------------- Data is transferred from the disk to the read buffer at a rate up to 10.5 MB/s (84 Mbits/s) in bursts. Data is transferred from the read buffer to the IDE bus at a rate up to 6.67 MB/s, using programmed I/O without IORDY, or at a rate of up to 16.67 MB/s using programmed I/O with IORDY, or at a rate of up to 16.67 MB/sec using multi-word DMA. Reliability ----------- Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF): 500,000 Power On Hours (POH), typical usage Component Life: 5 years Preventive Maintenance (PM): Not required Start/Stop: 40,000 cycles (minimum) The Quantum MTBF numbers represent Bell-Core TR-TSY-000332 MTBF predictions and represent the minimum MTBF that Quantum or a customer would expect from the drive. Error Detection and Correction ------------------------------ As disk drive areal densities increase, obtaining extremely low error rate requires a new generation of soghisticated error-correction codes. Quantum Fireball 540/1080 AT series hard disk drives implement 160-bit triple-burst Reed-Solomon error correction techniques to reduce the uncorrectable read error rate to less than one bit in 1 x 10(14) bits read. When errors occur, an automatic retry and a more rigorous double- burst correction algorithm enable the correction of any sector with two burst of three incorrect bytes each or up to six multiple random one-byte burst errors. In addition to these advanced error correction capabilities, the drive's additional cross-checking code and algorithm double checks the main ECC correction to greatly reduce the probability of miscorrection. Automatic Actuator Lock ----------------------- To ensure data integrity and prevent damage during shipment, all Lightning Series hard disk drives feature a dedicated landing zone and Quantum's patented AIRLOCK. AIRLOCK, locks the headstack in the landing zone. It consists of an airvane mounted near the perimeter of the disk stack and a locking arm that restrains the actuator arm assembly. When DC power is applied to the motor and the disk stack rotates, the rotation generates an airflow on the surface of the disk. As the flow of air across the airvane increases with disk ratation, the locking arm pivots away from the actuator arm, enabling the headstack to move out of the landing zone. When DC power is removed from the motor, a return mechanism automatically pulls the actuator into the landing zone, where the AIRLOCK holds it in place. Disk Caching ------------ The Fireball 540/1080 AT hard disk drive incorporates DisCache, a 80K disk cache, to enhance drive performance. This integrated feature is user-programmable and can significantly improve system throughput. Read and write caching can be enabled or disabled by using the SET CONIGURATION command. Defect Management ------------------ The Fireball 540/1080 AT allocate one sector per cylinder as a spare. In the factory, the media is scanned for defects. If a sector on a cylinder is found to be defective, the address of the sector is added to the drive's defect list. Sectors located physically sub- sequent to the defective sector are assigned logical block addresses such that a sequential ordering of logical blocks maintained. This inline sparing technique is employed in an attempt to eliminate slow data transfer that would result from a single defective sector on a cylinder. If more than one sector is found defective on a cylinder, the inline sparing technique is applied to the first sector only. The remaining defective sectors are replaced with the nearest available spare sectors on nearby cylinders. Such an assignment of additional re- placement sectors from nearby sectors rather than having a central pool of spare sectors is an attempt to minimize the motion of the actuator and head that otherwise would be needed to find a replace- ment sector. The result is minimal reduction of data throughput.